U.S. 48 Star Flag "Whipple Flag", 1912.

One of a small number of 48-starred 'flags of peace' to have ever been produced by Wayne Whipple.
As early as 1910 Wayne Whipple of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, started making and promoting his design for a United States flag of 46 stars. It had a distinctive star arrangement indicating that its owner favored peace throughout the world. The pattern that Whipple chose was not unlike some of the concentric-ringed designs for star patterns that had been common during the Civil War. In Whipple's design, the 13 original states are represented by a great 6-pointed star in the center of the canton, which is reminiscent of the pattern displayed over the eagle's head in the coat of arms of the United States.

This central grouping is surrounded by a circle of 25 stars, representing the states admitted from 1791 through to 1876. Eight other stars are fixed in pairs in each corner of the canton to represent the states that joined the Union after 1876. Two years later in 1878, Whipple added two more stars to his design, re-arranging the, now, ten stars representing the newer Union states into a circle that looped around the inner ring of 25. Though Whipple would continue to advocate his 'flag of peace' for years, only a few were ever made in accordance with his plan.

Exhibition History:

First Presidio Exhibit

Chicago Meeting December, 2003
(ZFC0635)
48-Star United States Peace Flag

Presidential Debate
Washington University at St. Louis
October, 2004

This flag's image was displayed in the presentation at the 6th Annual Flag Symposium sponsored by The Flag House and Star Spangled Banner Museum, in Baltimore, MD, April 9, 2005. The presentation was made by Howard Madaus on The Other 48s a look at the evolution of the 48 star US Flag and the various star patterns it engendered.

Museum of Art & History
Santa Cruz, CA
Santa Cruz Collects
11 August - 25 November 2012


Publication History:
Madaus, Howard M., Dr, Whitney Smith, The American Flag: Two Centuries of Concord and Conflict. Santa Cruz: VZ Publications, 2006, p. 117.

Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection in 2002 from the Mastai Flag Collection through auction at South Bay Auction of New York City.

ZFC Significant Flag
Item is Framed

Souces:

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Madaus, Howard M.- Whitney Smith, The American Flag: Two Centuries of Concord and Conflict, VZ Publications, Santa Cruz, 2006.

Mastai, Boleslaw and Marie-Louise D'Otrange, The Stars and The Stripes: The American Flag as Art and as History from the Birth of the republic to the Present, Knopf, New York, 1973.

Whipple, Wayne, The Story of the American Flag, Philadelphia, Henry Altemus Co., 1910.

Druckman, Nancy, Dr. Kenneth Jeffery Kohn, American flags: Designs For a Young Nation, Harry N. Abrams, New York, 2003.

Mastai, Boleslaw and Marie-Louise D'Otrange, Our Unknown Flag: Almost 250 Flags and Artifacts from the famous Mastai Collection, New York, Boleslaw Mastai, Amagansett, Exhibited 14 June -28 July 1978US Customhouse, Plaza Lever, 6 World trade Center

Whipple, Blaine, © 1999, The Whipple Flag, The Whipple Home Page, 30 October 2011, from:
http://www.whipple.org/blaine/whippleflag.html

The Whipple Flag, Wayne Whipple, 30 October 2011, from: http://www.waynewhipple.com/flag.html

The Whipple Flag, 15 Generations of Whipples, 30 October 2011, from: http://blainewhipple.com/uncategorized/the-whipple-flag/

Image Credits:
Zaricor Flag Collection

Hoist & Fly
Width of Hoist	16
Length of Fly	24

Frame
Is it framed?	yes
Frame Height	22
Frame Length	30

Stars
Number of Stars	48
How are the stars embeded?	Dyed
Are there stars on obverse?	no
Are there stars on reverse?	no
Star Pattern	"Whipple Pattern"

Stripes
Number of Stripes	13
Color of Top Stripe	Red
Color of Bottom Stripe	Red
Has a Blood Stripe?	no

Nationality
Nation Represented	United States

Fabric
Fabric	Silk

Stitching
Stitching	Machine

Thread
Type of Thread	Needs Analysis
Thread Material	Needs Analysis

Weave
Type of Weave	Plain

Attachment
Method of Attachment	None

Applica
Applique Sides	Single Faced = Mirror Image Reverse

Documentation
Documents	All original documents and drawings are held in the Zaricor Flag Collection Archives.
Drawings	All original documents and drawings are held in the Zaricor Flag Collection Archives.
Research Documents	All original documents and drawings are held in the Zaricor Flag Collection Archives.
Public Copy & Signs	All original documents and drawings are held in the Zaricor Flag Collection Archives.

Condition
Condition	Good
Damage	used, stained, soiled
Displayable	yes

Date
Date	1912

Exhibits
Exhibition Copy	Exhibition History First Presidio Exhibit (ZFC0635) 48-STAR UNITED STATES PEACE FLAG Date: About 1912-1914 Medium: Printed on silk Comment: In 1912, Wayne Whipple of Philadelphia, PA., conceived of making a United States flag of forty-eight stars so that the star arrangement would indicate that its owner favored peace throughout the world. The star arrangement that he chose was not unlike some of the concentric ring designs for star patterns that had been common during the Civil War. In Whipple's design the thirteen original states are represented by the great six pointed star in the center of the canton, reminiscent of the pattern displayed over the eagles head in the coat-of-arms of the United States. This central group is surrounded by a circle of 25 stars, representing the states admitted from 1791 to 1876. The 10 stars surrounding the circle represent the states that joined the Union after 1776. Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection (ZFC0635) in 2002 from the Mastai Flag Collection of New York City through auction at South Bay Auction of New York City. Second Presidio Exhibit, 2003 - GALLERY VI (ZFC0635) 48-Star United States Peace Flag Date: About 19121914 48 Stars: July 4, 1912-July 3, 1959 (statehood: New Mexico January 6, 1912; Arizona February 14, 1912) Medium: Printed silk Comment: As early as 1910 Wayne Whipple of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, started making and promoting his design for a United States flag of 46 stars. It had a distinctive star arrangement indicating that its owner favored peace throughout the world. The pattern that Whipple chose was not unlike some of the concentric ring designs for star patterns that had been common during the Civil War. In Whipple's design the 13 original states are represented by a great six-pointed star in the center of the canton, reminiscent of the pattern displayed over the eagles head in the coat of arms of the United States. This grouping is surrounded by a circle of 25 stars, representing the states admitted from 1791 to 1876. The eight other stars in pairs in each corner of the canton represented the states that joined the Union after 1876. Two years later, Whipple added two more stars to his design, arranging the now ten stars to represent the states that had joined the Union since 1876 in a circle around the inner ring of 25. Though Whipple would continue to advocate his "flag of Peace" for years, only a few flags were made in accordance with his plan. Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection (ZFC0635) in 2002 from the Mastai Flag Collection through auction at South Bay Auction of New York City. Chicago Meeting December, 2003 (ZFC0635) 48-Star United States Peace Flag Date: About 19121914 48 Stars: July 4, 1912-July 3, 1959 (statehood: New Mexico January 6, 1912; Arizona February 14, 1912) Medium: Printed silk Comment: As early as 1910 Wayne Whipple of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, started making and promoting his design for a United States flag of 46 stars. It had a distinctive star arrangement indicating that its owner favored peace throughout the world. The pattern that Whipple chose was not unlike some of the concentric ring designs for star patterns that had been common during the Civil War. In Whipple's design the 13 original states are represented by a great six-pointed star in the center of the canton, reminiscent of the pattern displayed over the eagles head in the coat of arms of the United States. This grouping is surrounded by a circle of 25 stars, representing the states admitted from 1791 to 1876. The eight other stars in pairs in each corner of the canton represented the states that joined the Union after 1876. Two years later, Whipple added two more stars to his design, arranging the now ten stars to represent the states that had joined the Union since 1876 in a circle around the inner ring of 25. Though Whipple would continue to advocate his "flag of Peace" for years, only a few flags were made in accordance with his plan. Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection (ZFC0635) in 2002 from the Mastai Flag Collection through auction at South Bay Auction of New York City. Presidential Debate Washington University at St. Louis October, 2004 (ZFC0635) 48-Star United States Flag First Peace Flag (1912) Peace activist Wayne Whipple of Philadelphia devised in 1910 an arrangement of the stars in the United States flag that represented the peace movement flag that had never known war. Subsequently modified in 1912 to reflect the admission of New Mexico and Arizona, Whipple's design incorporated 13 stars forming a six-pointed grand luminary representing the first 13 states, surrounded by a circle of 25 stars to represent the additions to the Union in its first 100 years, and a second circle of 10 stars to honor the more recent additions since the Centennial of 1876. He-self promoted this flag with only limited success. Display/Presentation History This flag's image was displayed in the presentation at the 6th Annual Flag Symposium sponsored by The Flag House and Star Spangled Banner Museum, in Baltimore, MD, April 9, 2005. The presentation was made by Howard Madaus on The Other 48s a look at the evolution of the 48 star US Flag and the various star patterns it engendered.
Exhibition Images	Washington University 2004 Presidential Debate Poster

Publications
Publication Copy	Madaus, Howard M., Dr, Whitney Smith, The American Flag: Two Centuries of Concord and Conflict. Santa Cruz: VZ Publications, 2006, p. 117. 48-Star United States Flag with Staggered Rows As early as 1910 Wayne Whipple of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, started making and promoting his design for a United States flag of 46 stars. It had a distinctive star arrangement indicating that its owner favored peace throughout the world. The pattern that Whipple chose was not unlike some of the concentric ring designs for star patterns that had been common during the Civil War. In Whipple's design the 13 original states are represented by a great 6-pointed star in the center of the canton, reminiscent of the pattern displayed over the eagles head in the coat of arms of the United States. This grouping is surrounded by a circle of 25 stars, representing the states admitted from 1791 to 1876. The eight other stars in pairs in each corner of the canton represented the states that joined the Union after 1876. Two years later, Whipple added two more stars to his design, arranging the now ten stars to represent the states that had joined the Union since 1876 in a circle around the inner ring of 25. Though Whipple would continue to advocate his flag of Peace for years, only a few flags were made in accordance with his plan. Date: About 1912 1914 Size: 16" hoist x 24" fly 48 Stars: July 4, 1912 July 3, 1959 (statehood: New Mexico January 6, 1912; Arizona February 14, 1912) Medium: Printed silk Provenance: Acquired by the Zaricor Flag Collection in 2002 from the Mastai Flag Collection through auction at South Bay Auction of New York City. ZFC0635 Druckman, Nancy, Jeffery Kohn, The American Flag: Designs for a Young Nation, New York, Abrams, 2003.P.76.
Flag Books	The Stars and The Stripes - Mastai