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Publication History: Madaus, Howard M., Dr, Whitney Smith, The American Flag: Two Centuries of Concord and Conflict. Santa Cruz: VZ Publications, 2006, p. 14. "Star of Bethlehem" Crib Quilt While favoring a secular state that could help the country avoid the tragedies of religious persecution and warfare long characterizing Europe, most 19th century Americans in their personal lives exhibited strong religious beliefs. Not surprisingly, these were often reflected in homemade items such as wood carvings, samplers, paintings, and quilts. This example, manifesting the artistic imagination and technical skill that have since led to the recognition of quilts as a leading form of American folk art, shows the religious icon known as the "Star of Bethlehem." As the Gospel of St. Matthew (2:1-2) relates, "There came wise men from the east to Jerusalem, saying…we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him." Scholars and divines have long argued over details of the story, but this quiltmaker had no doubts about its image. That star must be large, dazzling, unforgettable, and it must outshine all other stars in the heavens. Intentionally or not, the quilt also embodies the American national red, white, and blue colors. Date: About 1840 - 1900 Size: 59" wide x 59" long Medium: Cotton fabrics Provenance: Acquired by the Veninga Flag Collection in 1996. LV02. (Now ZFC3567)"

Title information is available upon specific request. Additional information available upon request to researchers, writers and others demonstrating special circumstances. In some situations, information may not be available.